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Mesopelagic diet as pathway of high mercury levels in body feathers of the endangered Black-capped Petrel (Diablotin) Pterodroma hasitata.


Authors

YVAN G. SATGÉ1,2*, SARAH E. JANSSEN3, GEMMA CLUCAS4, ERNST RUPP5, J. BRIAN PATTESON6 & PATRICK G.R. JODICE1,7
1Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA *(ysatge@g.clemson.edu)
2South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
3United States Geological Survey, Mercury Research Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
4Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York, USA
5Grupo Jaragua, Inc., Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
6Seabirding Pelagic Trips, Hatteras, North Carolina, USA
7United States Geological Survey, South Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Clemson, South Carolina, USA

Citation

SATGÉ, Y.G., JANSSEN, S.E., CLUCAS, G., RUPP, E., PATTESON, J.B. & JODICE, P.G.R. 2024. Mesopelagic diet as pathway of high mercury levels in body feathers of the endangered Black-capped Petrel (Diablotin) Pterodroma hasitata.. Marine Ornithology 52: 261 - 274
http://doi.org/10.5038/2074-1235.52.2.1591

Received 01 December 2023, accepted 01 May 2024

Date Published: 2024/10/15
Date Online: 2024/10/04
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Key words: Atlantic, Caribbean, contaminants, diet, mercury, seabirds, trophic ecology

Abstract

The Diablotin or Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata is an endangered gadfly petrel found in the western North Atlantic, Caribbean Sea, and northern Gulf of Mexico. An estimated ~2000 pairs nest at five known sites on Hispaniola, Greater Antilles, although only 120 nests have been located to date. We collected breast feathers and feces from breeding adults in the Dominican Republic in April 2018 (n = 10) and from non-breeding adults at sea offshore of North Carolina, USA, in May 2019 (n = 10). We measured mercury burden in feathers and used fecal DNA metabarcoding to compare diets. We found higher concentrations of total mercury compared to other Pterodroma petrels worldwide, with mean concentrations of 30.3 ± 11.1 ppm dry weight (range: 15.2-53.9; n = 20). Diet was dominated by fish, including a high proportion of mesopelagic groups such as myctophids, as well as fishes of interest to artisanal and commercial Caribbean fisheries. These results confirm earlier suggestions of elevated ingestion of mercury by Black-capped Petrels, likely through the consumption of mesopelagic prey or fishery discards.

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