Volume 52, No. 2
Volumes > 38 (2010-->)
- Volume 52, No. 2, 2024
- Volume 52, No. 1, 2024
- Volume 51, No. 2, 2023
- Volume 51, No. 1, 2023
- Volume 50, No. 2, 2022
- Volume 50, No. 1, 2022
- Volume 49, No. 2, 2021
- Volume 49, No. 1, 2021
- Volume 48, No. 2, 2020
- Volume 48, No. 1, 2020
- Volume 47, No. 2, 2019
- Volume 47, No. 1, 2019
- Volume 46, No. 2, 2018
- Volume 46, No. 1, 2018
- Volume 45, No. 2, 2017
- Volume 45, No. 1, 2017
- Volume 44, No. 2, 2016
- Volume 44, No. 1, 2016
- Volume 43, No. 2, 2015
- Volume 43, No. 1, 2015
- Volume 42, No. 2, 2014
- Volume 42, No. 1, 2014
- Volume 41, No. 2, 2013
- Volume 41, No. 1, 2013
- Volume 41, Special Issue, 2013
- Volume 40, No. 2, 2012
- Volume 40, No. 1, 2012
- Volume 39, No. 2, 2011
- Volume 39, No. 1, 2011
- Volume 38, No. 2, 2010
- Volume 38, No. 1, 2010
Volumes 28-37 (2000-09)
- Volume 37, No. 3, 2009
- Volume 37, No. 2, 2009
- Volume 37, No. 1, 2009
- Volume 36, No. 2, 2008
- Volume 36, No. 1, 2008
- Volume 35, No. 2, 2007
- Volume 35, No. 1, 2007
- Volume 34, No. 2, 2006
- Volume 34, No. 1, 2006
- Volume 33, No. 2, 2005
- Volume 33, No. 1, 2005
- Volume 32, No. 2, 2004
- Volume 32, No. 1, 2004
- Volume 31, No. 2, 2003
- Volume 31, No. 1, 2003
- Volume 30, No. 2, 2002
- Volume 30, No. 1, 2002
- Volume 29, No. 2, 2001
- Volume 29, No. 1, 2001
- Volume 28, No. 2, 2000
- Volume 28, No. 1, 2000
Volumes 18-27 (1990-99)
- Volume 27, No. 1 & 2, 1999
- Volume 26, No. 1 & 2, 1998
- Volume 24, No. 1 & 2, 1996
- Volume 25, No. 1 & 2, 1997
- Volume 23, No. 2, 1995
- Volume 23, No. 1, 1995
- Volume 22, No. 2, 1994
- Volume 22, No. 1, 1994
- Volume 21, No. 1 & 2, 1993
- Volume 20, No. 1 & 2, 1992
- Volume 19, No. 1, 1991
- Volume 18, No. 1 & 2, 1990
Volumes 5-17 (1978-89) a.k.a 'Cormorant'
- Volume 17, No. 1 & 2, 1989
- Volume 16, No. 1, 1988
- Volume 16, No. 2, 1988
- Volume 15, No. 1 & 2, 1987
- Volume 14, No. 1 & 2, 1987
- Volume 13, No. 2, 1986
- Volume 13, No. 1, 1986
- Volume 12, No. 2, 1985
- Volume 12, No. 1, 1985
- Volume 11, No. 1 & 2, 1984
- Volume 10, No. 2, 1983
- Volume 10, No. 1, 1983
- Volume 9, No. 2, 1982
- Volume 9, No. 1, 1982
- Volume 8, No. 2, 1981
- Volume 8, No. 1, 1981
- Volume 7, 1980
- Volume 5, 1978
Search by author or title:
Dynamics of Humboldt Penguin colonization on port terminal infrastructure in southern Peru.
Citation
ZAVALAGA, C., LOZANO-SANLLEHI, S., VELEZ-ZUAZO, X. & VILDOSO, B. 2024. Dynamics of Humboldt Penguin colonization on port terminal infrastructure in southern Peru. .
Marine Ornithology 52: 331
- 339
http://doi.org/10.5038/2074-1235.52.2.1599
Received 11 June 2024, accepted 09 July 2024
Date Published: 2024/10/15
Date Online: 2024/10/04
Key words: breakwater, Spheniscus humboldti, marine infrastructure, colonization, man-made structures
Abstract
The use of artificial structures by seabirds is a globally recognized phenomenon driven by escalating human coastal development. Designed as maritime infrastructure, breakwaters, jetties, and bridges inadvertently offer nesting habitat and refuge for a diverse assemblage of seabird species. The construction of a detached breakwater at the port terminal of the PERU LNG natural gas liquefaction plant in Melchorita, Peru, provided a unique opportunity to observe seabird colonization of new habitat, in this case colonization by Humboldt Penguins Spheniscus humboldti from 2008 to 2024. The penguins founded a permanent breeding site within 3.5 years after cessation of human activity at the site, which had provided protection from terrestrial predators and human interference. Between 2012 and 2021, penguin numbers increased to 2091 birds, peaking during the January molt, although numbers fluctuated. By 2021, the breakwater harbored a substantial proportion of the penguin population in Peru. The breakwater exemplifies the potential of artificial structures in mitigating habitat loss and supporting seabird conservation, underscoring the need for proactive management strategies amidst escalating coastal development and environmental challenges.
References
AINLEY, DG., DIVOKY, G.J., BAIRD, P. & SPENCER, G.C. 2024. ‘Floating populations' of seabirds: the bane of demographic modelers and managers. Marine Ornithology, 52: 355-362.
APAZA, M. & FIGARI, A. 1999. Mortandad de aves marinas durante "El Niño 1997-98" en el litoral sur de San Juan de Marcona, Ica-Perú. Revista Peruana de Biología 6: 110-117. doi:10.15381/rpb.v6i3.8436
AYALA, L., MENDOZA, C. & PEREZ, J. 2004. Two new breeding localities for Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma tethys kelsalli in Peru. Marine Ornithology 32: 107-108.
BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL. 2020. Spheniscus humboldti. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22697817A182714418. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22697817A182714418
BURGA, C. & VALENCIA, D. 2021. Reporte Mensual de Conservación en Islas y Puntas Guaneras, Febrero 2021. Lima, Perú: Programa de Desarrollo Productivo Agrario Rural (AgroRural).
CAPITOLO, P.J., CARTER, H.R., YEE, J.L., ET AL. 2019. Changes in breeding population sizes of Double-crested Cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus in the Humboldt Bay area, California, 1924-2017. Marine Ornithology 47: 115-126.
CHUNGA-LLAUCE, J.A., BENAVIDES, M.T., BORJA, Á., ET AL. 2023. Assessing the ecological quality status of macrobenthic communities in a marine terminal of liquefied natural gas in Peru. Marine Environmental Research 185: 105879. doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105879
CONNELL, S.D. 2001. Urban structures as marine habitats: an experimental comparison of the composition and abundance of subtidal epibiota among pilings, pontoons and rocky reefs. Marine Environmental Research 52: 115-125. doi:10.1016/S0141-1136(00)00266-X
DANIEL, K., QUINTANA, I. & UNDERHILL, L.G. 2020. Sleeping on a tightrope: White-breasted Cormorants Phalacrocorax lucidus and African Darters Anhinga rufa roosting on transmission lines. Biodiversity Observations 11: 1-7. doi:10.15641/bo.993
DE LA PUENTE, S., BUSSALLEU, A., CARDEÑA, M., VALDÉS-VELÁSQUEZ, A., MAJLUF, P. & SIMEONE, A. 2013. Humboldt Penguin (Spheniscus humboldti). In: GARCIA-BORBOROGLU, P. & BOERSMA, P.D. (Eds.). Penguins: Natural History and Conservation. Seattle, USA: University of Washington Press.
DOIG-ALBA, L., BUSSALLEU, A., CÁRDENAS-ALAYZA, S., CARDEÑA-MORMONTOY, M. & VALDÉS-VELÁSQUEZ, A. 2023. Have we achieved a sustainable balance? Evaluating the effects of regulated guano extraction on an important penguin breeding colony (2008-2019). Global Ecology and Conservation 41: e02351. doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02351
FORR, F., MYSLIU, E., NORDLIEN, J.H. & ERBE, A. 2022. The effect of bird droppings on the corrosion of steel and aluminum used in offshore applications. Materials and Corrosion 74: 464-481. doi:10.1002/maco.202213533
GALARZA, N. 1968. Informe sobre estudios ornitológicos realizados en el laboratorio de La Puntilla (Pisco) en setiembre de 1965/66. Series de Informes Especiales Instituto del Mar del Perú 31: 1-22.
GAMARRA-TOLEDO, V., PLAZA, P.I., ANGULO, F., ET AL. 2023. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strongly impacts wild birds in Peru. Biological Conservation 286: 110272. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110272
GILING, D., REINA, R.D. & HOGG, Z. 2008. Anthropogenic influence on an urban colony of the little penguin Eudyptula minor. Marine and Freshwater Research 59: 647-651. doi:10.1071/MF08003
HAYS, C. 1984. The Humboldt penguin in Peru. Oryx 18: 92-95. doi:10.1017/S0030605300018767
HAYS, C. 1986. Effects of the 1982-1983 El Nino on Humboldt penguin colonies in Peru. Biological Conservation 36: 169-180. doi:10.1016/0006-3207(86)90005-4
JONES, H.P. & KRESS, S.W. 2012. A review of the world's active seabird restoration projects. The Journal of Wildlife Management 76: 2-9. doi:10.1002/jwmg.240
LALAS, C., JONES, P.R. & JONES, J. 1999. The design and use of a nest box for yellow-eyed penguins Megadyptes antipodes: a response to a conservation need. Marine Ornithology 27: 199-204.
LEONARD, K. 2017. Breeding seabirds in Northern Ireland in 2016. In: LEONARD, K. & WOLSEY, S. (Eds.). Northern Ireland Seabird Report 2016. Norfolk, UK: British Trust for Ornithology.
MAJLUF, P., BABCOCK, E.A., RIVEROS, J.C., SCHREIBER, M.A. & ALDERETE, W. 2002. Catch and bycatch of sea birds and marine mammals in the small‐scale fishery of Punta San Juan, Peru. Conservation Biology 16: 1333-1343. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00564.x
MARINAO, C., RUIZ, N., ROST, G. & YORIO, P. 2024. Relevancia del puerto de Comodoro Rivadavia y ambientes antrópicos adyacentes para la reproducción de aves marinas. El Hornero 38: 33-45. doi:10.56178/eh.v38i2.1435
MCGILL, P., REYES, J., BAKER, A., ET AL. 2021. Humboldt Penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) Population and Habitat Viability Assessment Workshop. Final Report. Apple Valley, USA: IUCN SSC Conservation Planning Specialist Group.
MINAGRI. 2014. Decreto Supremo 004-2014-MINAGRI. Decreto Supremo que aprueba la actualización de la lista de clasificación y categorización de las especies amenazadas de fauna silvestre legalmente protegidas. Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego. Lima, Perú: Diario Oficial El Peruano.
MULLER, J.R.M., CHAN, Y.-C., PIERSMA, T., ET AL. 2020. Building for nature: Preserving threatened bird habitat in port design. Water 12: 2134. doi:10.3390/w12082134
MURPHY, R.C. 1925. Bird Islands of Peru. New York, USA: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
MURPHY, R.C. 1936. Oceanic Birds of South America. New York, USA: The American Museum of Natural History.
MURPHY, R.C. 1981. The guano and the anchoveta fishery. In: GLANTZ, M.H. & THOMPSON, J.D. (Eds.) Resource Management and Environmental Uncertainty. New York, USA: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 81-106.
PACHECO, A.S., MORAN-VALVERDE, J., AGUILAR, S., VILDOSO, B. & VÉLEZ-ZUAZO, X. 2023. Fish assemblages at the surroundings of a port terminal of liquefied natural gas in the central coast of Peru. Environmental Biology of Fishes 106: 1443-1454. doi:10.1007/s10641-023-01430-0
PAREDES, R. & ZAVALAGA, C.B. 1998. Overview of the effects of El Niño 1997-98 on Humboldt penguins and other seabirds at Punta San Juan, Peru. Penguin Conservation 11: 5-7.
PAREDES, R. & ZAVALAGA, C.B. 2001. Nesting sites and nest types as important factors for the conservation of Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti). Biological Conservation 100: 199-205. doi:10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00023-4
PAREDES, R., ZAVALAGA, C.B. & BONESS, D.J. 2002. Patterns of egg laying and breeding success in Humboldt Penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) at Punta San Juan, Peru. The Auk 119: 244-250. doi:10.1093/auk/119.1.244
PAREDES, R., ZAVALAGA, C.B., BATTISTINI, G., MAJLUF, P. & MCGILL, P. 2003. Status of the Humboldt penguin in Peru, 1999-2000. Waterbirds 26: 129-138.
PENG, Q., XIE, S.P., PASSALACQUA, G.A., MIYAMOTO, A. & DESER, C. 2024. The 2023 extreme coastal El Niño: Atmospheric and air-sea coupling mechanisms. Science Advances 10: eadk8646. doi:10.1126/sciadv.adk8646
PONCE, L.A. 2022. Efectividad de métodos de disuasión para disminuir el número de aves marinas en el muelle de la planta Perú LNG, Pampa Melchorita. BSc thesis. Lima, Perú: Universidad Científica del Sur. doi:10.21142/tl.2022.2570
PRESTON, T.J., ROPERT-COUDERT, Y., KATO, A., ET AL. 2008. Foraging behaviour of little penguins Eudyptula minor in an artificially modified environment. Endangered Species Research 4: 95-103. doi:10.3354/esr00069
RAUZON, M.J. & DRIGOT, D. 1999. Red-footed Booby use of artificial nesting platforms. Waterbirds 22: 474-477. doi:10.2307/1522128
RAUZON, M.J., ELLIOTT, M.L., CAPITOLO, P.J., ET AL. 2019. Changes in abundance and distribution of nesting Double-crested Cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus in the San Francisco Bay area, 1975-2017. Marine Ornithology 47: 127-138.
ROJAS, L.E. 2009. Construcción de un rompeolas al sur de Lima. BSc thesis. Lima, Perú: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
SHERLEY, R.B., BARHAM, B.J., BARHAM, P.J., LESHORO, T.M. & UNDERHILL, L.G. 2012. Artificial nests enhance the breeding productivity of African Penguins (Spheniscus demersus) on Robben Island, South Africa. Emu-Austral Ornithology 112: 97-106. doi:10.1071/MU11055
SIFUENTES-GARCÍA, Á., ZAVALAGA, C.B. & LOZANO-SANLLEHI, S. 2020. A geostatistical method in GIS to estimate the amount of seabird guano accumulated on islands and headlands of Perú. Ecología Austral 30: 472-483. doi:10.25260/EA.20.30.3.0.1108
SIMEONE, A. & BERNAL, M. 2000. Effects of habitat modification on breeding seabirds: a case study in central Chile. Waterbirds 23: 449-456. doi:10.2307/1522182
SIMEONE, A., BERNAL, M. & MEZA, J. 1999. Incidental mortality of Humboldt penguins Spheniscus humboldti in gill nets, central Chile. Marine Ornithology 27: 157-161.
SPATZ, D.R., YOUNG, L.C., HOLMES, N.D., ET AL. 2023. Tracking the global application of conservation translocation and social attraction to reverse seabird declines. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120: e2214574120. doi:10.1073/pnas.2214574120
STENZEL, L.E., CARTER, H.R., HENDERSON, R.P., ET AL. 1995. Breeding success of double-crested cormorants in the San Francisco Bay Area, California. Colonial Waterbirds 18: 216-224. doi:10.2307/1521541
SUTHERLAND, D.R., DANN, P. & JESSOP, R.E. 2014. Evaluation of artificial nest sites for long‐term conservation of a burrow‐nesting seabird. The Journal of Wildlife Management 78: 1415-1424. doi:10.1002/jwmg.783
TAKAHASHI, K., MOSQUERA, K. & REUPO, J. 2014. El Índice Costero El Niño (ICEN): historia y actualización. Boletín técnico: Generación de modelos climáticos para el pronóstico de la ocurrencia del Fenómeno El Niño, Instituto Geofísico del Perú 1: 8-9.
TASSO, V., EL HADDAD, M., ASSADI, C., CANALES, R., AGUIRRE, L. & VÉLEZ-ZUAZO, X. 2018. Macrobenthic fauna from an upwelling coastal area of Peru (Warm Temperate South-eastern Pacific province-Humboldtian ecoregion). Biodiversity Data Journal 6: e28937. doi:10.3897/BDJ.6.e28937
TURNER, D.M. 2010. Counts and breeding success of Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla nesting on man-made structures along the River Tyne, northeast England, 1994-2009. Seabird 23: 111-126. doi:10.61350/sbj.23.111
YRJÖLÄ, R.A., RINTALA, J.A., PIETIÄINEN, H. & LUOSTARINEN, V.M.O. 2016. Effects of harbour and ship channel construction on breeding seabirds. Ornis Svecica 26: 149-161. doi:10.34080/os.v26.22508
ZAVALAGA, C.B. & PAREDES, R. 1997. Humboldt Penguins at Punta San Juan, Peru. Penguin Conservation 10: 6-8.